Imperiul mongol si genghis khan biography

13th-century military campaigns

The Mongol conquest of China was a series of major military efforts by the Mongol Empire to conquer various empires ruling over China for 74 years (1205–1279). It spanned over seven decades in the 13th century and involved the defeat of the Jin dynasty, Western Liao, Western Xia, Tibet, the Dali Kingdom, the Southern Song, and the Eastern Xia. The Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan started the conquest with small-scale raids into Western Xia in 1205 and 1207.

In 1279, the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan formally established the Yuan dynasty in the Chinese tradition, having crushed the last Song resistance, marking the reunification of China under Mongol rule, the first time that non-Han people had ruled the entire country. It was the first time that Tibet was unified with the rest of China.

Conquest of Western Xia

Main article: Mongol conquest of Western Xia

In the early 1200s, Temujin, soon to be known as Genghis Khan, began consolidating his power in Mongolia. Following the death of the Kerait leader Ong Khan to Temujin's emerging Mongol Empire in 1203, Kerait leader Nilqa Senggum led a small band of followers into Western Xia. However, after his adherents took to plundering the locals, Nilqa Senggum was expelled from Western Xia territory.

Using his rival Nilga Senggum's temporary refuge in Western Xia as a pretext, Temujin launched a raid against the state in 1205 in the Edsin region. The Mongols plundered border settlements and one local Western Xia noble accepted Mongol supremacy. The next year, 1206, Temujin was formally proclaimed Genghis Khan, ruler of all the Mongols. In 1207, Genghis led another raid into Western Xia, invading the Ordo region and sacking Wuhai, the main garrison along the Yellow River, before withdrawing in 1208.

In 1209, Genghis Khan undertook a larger cam

When Kublai Khan conquered China, some changes took place but the Mongol rule was short lived in respect to the long time span of China. During the reign of Kublai Khan’s grandson, Genghis Khan, Marco Polo, an Italian merchant became the Khan’s ambassador for nearly two decades. Let’s explore that time period of the 1200-1400s in Asia and discover a world of culture, civilization and expansion.

The Silk Road Chalk Drawing

Our Silk Road unit has been underway for a couple years now. Each time we dive into it, it grows. Now this history period, that began with the Middle Ages in Medieval Europe, has grown to include our Africa Main Lesson Block which focuses on the Empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai (900s-1400s), North Africa main lesson block on Ibn Battuta, The Travels of Marco Polo and the Great Khans of Mongolia, Ancient and Middle Ages China, The Silk Road and the Islamic Empire (600s-1500s). No wonder what started out as a one year unit study grew into a multiple year endeavor. I like to start out our units with a haul video, a how we put this unit together video and a chalk drawing video. The chalk drawing sets the stage for the unit and is often the only drawing we’ll have up for the unit. For this chalk drawing, I’m using Sargent Art Square chalk pastels from Blick Art Material. Drawing inspiration comes from the book The Silk Road, and I’m drawing on my 4’x6′ chalkboard by Ghent. While I really dislike this chalk drawing, I didn’t have the desire to redraw it. I don’t like the colors, lack of detail and yellow accents. In the end, the books I put on display in front of the chalkboard covered most of the caravans. and the map was helpful, but not referred to as much as I hoped. The following year, however, I drew several smaller chalk drawings for our continued Silk Road unit as this large chalkboard held our math main lesson block drawing.

Genghis Khan | Mongolian Chalk Drawing

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L'Imperi Mongol, fundat per Genguis Kan al segle xiii, va ser l'imperi contigu més extens, és a dir, el que més superfície seguida ha controlat al llarg de la història. Gairebé la meitat de la població mundial de l'època estava sota el domini mongol. Contenia els països des de la Mediterrània fins al Pacífic, des d'Europa central fins al sud-est asiàtic. Pel nord, manava sobre totes les terres habitades excepte racons de Sibèria i al sud només l'Índia quedava fora del seu abast. L'actual Mongòlia ocupa una part molt petita de l'imperi.

Els mongols, originaris de les vores del riu Kerulen, a tocar del llac Baikal, es van convertir en un estat poderós quan Genguis Kan va aconseguir unificar les tribus i organitzar l'exèrcit mongol en unitats basades en el sistema decimal capaces d'integrar no sols els mongols sinó també els pobles vençuts. La ferocitat amb què els mongols destruïen els qui se'ls resistien –especialment a les ciutats– va contribuir també a la rapidesa del seu avanç. La divisió de l'imperi entre els seus fills va donar un nou impuls a les conquestes, tot obrint la porta, però