Mohammad baqir al sadr biography templates
Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir Ṣadr
In 1957, Al-Sadr and a number of other scholars established the Islamic Dawa Party (IDP). To this day, his writings remain among the main sources for the Party’s inspiration, in particular the Party’s political ideology based on Wilayat Al-Umma (Governance of the people). Al-Sadr and other IDP members continued their educational work at a time of increasing communist activity, organizing lectures and social events for the public.In the early seventies, Al-Sadr realized the dangers posed by the Baath regime for Iraq. He remained fearless and steadfast, continuing his educational programmes and activities. On the other hand, the Baath regime also realized the importance of Al-Sadr and his effect on the Iraqi people, therefore using all possible means to halt his activities. His arrests were inevitable. He was arrested in 1971, 1974, 1977 and in 1979. They also arrested and executed many of his students and colleagues as Saddam Hussain himself ordered the immediate arrest and execution of all IDP members. The 1979 arrest brought about many demonstrations and anger from the Iraqi people, forcing the regime to release Al-Sadr from prison and placing him under house arrest. After spending a few months under house arrest, he was finally arrested on the 5th April 1980, when he and his sister, Amina Al-Sadr, were taken and never seen alive thereafter. After days of torture, they were both executed on 9th April 1980. Al-Sadr’s graveyard now stands in holy city of Najaf.
In the last months before his execution, Al-Sadr famously delivered three important ‘Calls’ or sermons to the Iraqi people. Whilst being short in length, they covered many aspects, from the need for all
Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr
Iraqi Islamic scholar (1935–1980)
Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr (Arabic: محمد باقر الصدر, romanized: Muḥammad Bāqir al-Ṣadr; 1 March 1935 – 9 April 1980), also known as al-Shahid al-Khamis (Arabic: الشهيد الخامس, romanized: al-Shahīd al-Khāmis, lit. 'the fifth martyr'), was an Iraqi Islamic scholar, philosopher, and the ideological founder of the Islamic Dawa Party, born in al-Kadhimiya, Iraq. He was father-in-law to Muqtada al-Sadr, a cousin of Muhammad Sadeq al-Sadr and Imam Musa as-Sadr. His father Haydar al-Sadr was a well-respected high-ranking Shi'a cleric. His lineage can be traced back to Muhammad through the seventh Shia Imam Musa al-Kazim. Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr was executed in 1980 by the regime of Saddam Hussein along with his sister, Amina Sadr bint al-Huda.
Biography
Early life and education
Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr was born in al-Kazimiya, Iraq to the prominent Sadr family, which originated from Jabal Amel in Lebanon. His father died in 1937, leaving the family destitute. In 1945, the family moved to the holy city of Najaf, where al-Sadr would spend the rest of his life. He was a child prodigy who, at 10, was delivering lectures on Islamic history. At eleven, he was a student of logic. He wrote a book criticizing materialist philosophy when he was 24. Al-Sadr completed his religious studies at religious seminaries under al-Khoei and Muhsin al-Hakim, and began teaching at the age of 25.
Struggle against Saddam Hussein
Al-Sadr's works attracted the ire of the Baath Party, leading to repeated imprisonment where he was often tortured. Despite this, he continued his work after being released. When the Ba'athists arrested Al-Sadr in 1977, his sister Amina Sadr bint al-Huda made a speech in the Imam Ali mosque in Najaf inviting the people to demonstrat
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr
For other people named Al-Sadr, see Al-Sadr (disambiguation).
| Well-Known As | Al-Shahid al-Sadr |
|---|---|
| Lineage | Musawi, al-Sadr family in Lebanon |
| Well-Known Relatives | Al-Sayyid Musa al-Sadr |
| Birth | 1353/1935 in Kadhimiya |
| Residence | Kadhimiya |
| Studied in | Najaf |
| Death | Jumada I 23, 1400 AH/April 9, 1980; Baghdad |
| Burial Place | Gate of Najaf |
| Professors | Sayyid Abu l-Qasim Khoei, Sadra Badkuba'i, Muhammad Rida Al Yasin |
| Students | Al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Hakim, Sayyid Mahmud Hashimi Shahrudi, Al-Sayyid Kazim al-Husayni al-Ha'iri, Sayyid 'Abd al-Ghani Ardabili |
| Works | Falsafatuna, Iqtisaduna, Halaqat |
| Scholarly Activities | Lectures on the Exegesis of the Qur'an |
| Socio-Political Activities | The Establishment of Hizb al-Da'wat al-Islamiyya, Helping Jama'at al-'Ulama' (The Society of Scholars), Supporting the Islamic Revolution of Iran, |
| Official Website | mbsadr.com |
Al-Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir al-Ṣadr (Arabic: السید محمد باقر الصدر) (b. 1353/1935 - d. 1400/1980) was a Shi'a jurist, exegete of the Qur'an, thinker and also a political activist in Iraq. He studied with Ayatollah al-Khoei and other great scholars in Najaf, and he finished his studies before the age of 20. He then began teaching religious disciplines in the Seminary of Najaf. Some of his best-known students are al-Sayyid Muhammad al-Sadr, al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Hakim, al-Sayyid Kazim al-Husayni al-Ha'iri and Sayyid Mahmud Hashimi Shahrudi. Later in his life, al-Sadr was a Marja' (religious authority) for some Shi'a followers.
His most significant works include Falsafatu-na (Our philosophy), Iqtisadu-na (Our economics), and Durus fi ilm al-usul, known as al-Halaqat.
Al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr was both a religious and a political authority of Shi'a in Iraq. He established, Hizb Al-Da'wat al-Islamiyya, the political party, with the help of 'Abd al-Sahib al-Dakhil, boosted its activities among Iraqi
Muḥammad-Bāqir aṣ-Ṣadr
Reza Vasfi, Mohammad and Shafi’ei, S. R.. "Muḥammad-Bāqir aṣ-Ṣadr". Volume 4 Qurʾānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4: Qur’ānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century, edited by Georges Tamer, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2024, pp. 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110582284-023
Reza Vasfi, M. & Shafi’ei, S. (2024). Muḥammad-Bāqir aṣ-Ṣadr. In G. Tamer (Ed.), Volume 4 Qurʾānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4: Qur’ānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century (pp. 309-324). Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110582284-023
Reza Vasfi, M. and Shafi’ei, S. 2024. Muḥammad-Bāqir aṣ-Ṣadr. In: Tamer, G. ed. Volume 4 Qurʾānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4: Qur’ānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110582284-023
Reza Vasfi, Mohammad and Shafi’ei, S. R.. "Muḥammad-Bāqir aṣ-Ṣadr" In Volume 4 Qurʾānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4: Qur’ānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century edited by Georges Tamer, 309-324. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110582284-023
Reza Vasfi M, Shafi’ei S. Muḥammad-Bāqir aṣ-Ṣadr. In: Tamer G (ed.) Volume 4 Qurʾānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century: Vol. 4: Qur’ānic Hermeneutics in the 19th and 20th Century. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter; 2024. p.309-324. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110582284-023
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