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Psychology – Theories of Personality Study Guide Western Mindanao State University I. Overview of Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis looks at people from the perspective of psychology, history and anthropology. Influenced by Freud and Horney, Fromm developed a more culturally oriented theory than Freud’s and much broader theory than Horney’s. II. Biography of Erich Fromm Erich Fromm was born in Germany in , the only child of orthodox Jewish parents. A thoughtful young man, Fromm was influenced by the bible, Freud and Marx, as well as by socialist ideology. After receiving his Ph.D., Fromm began studying psychoanalysis and became an analyst by being analyzed by Hanns Sachs, a student of Freud. In , Fromm moved to the United States and began a psychoanalytic practice in New York, where he also resumed his friendship with Karen Horney, whom he has known in Germany. Much of his later years were spent in Mexico and Switzerland. He died in ’s Basic Assumptions Fromm believed that humans have been torn away from their prehistoric union with nature and left with no powerful instincts to adapt to a changing world. But
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  • Erich fromm humanistic psychoanalysis powerpoint presentation

    • Erich fromm (2)

  • 1. ERICH FROMM () Natalie Curran Regina Munoz Kim Ocana

  • 2. I. BIOGRAPHY  born in Frankfurt, Germany,  only child of orthodox Jewish parents  studied law but eventually changed his field of study to sociology at University of Heidelberg  Ph.D. in sociology at age 22  joined the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research, later known as the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory  After completing his training at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute, he and Frieda Fromm-Reichmann helped to found the Frankfurt Psychoanalytic Institute  , fled from Nazis and went to the United States

  • 3. I. BIOGRAPHY  , he became a professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, where he instituted the department of psychoanalysis.  Founder and director of the Mexican Psychoanalytic Institute  , Fromm moved to Switzerland, where he died in

  • 4. I. BIOGRAPHY Contribution to Psychology:  humanistic philosopher, personality theorist and social psychologist  retained a strong interest in the role of social factors in determining personality development  influenced the field of psychology through his many books, theories, and institutions  Escape from Freedom, in , which had a significant psychological, political, and social tone  His theories on human character were embodied in this and his second book, Man for Himself, and were expounded upon in his most popular publication, The Art of Loving

  • 5. I. BIOGRAPHY (BOOKS BY FROMM)  Escape from Freedom ()  Man for Himself ()  The Art of Loving ()  Sigmund Freud's Mission; an Analysis of his Personality and Influence ()  Zen Buddhism and Psychoanalysis ()  May Man Prevail? An Inquiry into the Facts and Fictions of Foreign Policy ()  Marx's Concept of Man ()  Beyond the Chains of Illusion: My Encounter with Marx and Freud ()  Socialist Humanism ()  The Nature of Man ()  The Crisis of Psychoanalysis ()  The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness ()  To Have or to Be? ()  Greatness

    • Erich

  • 1. Erich Fromm

  • 2. Overview of Fromm’s Humanistic Psychoanalysis Erich Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis looks at people from many perspectives, including psychology, history, and anthropology. Although Fromm was influenced by both Freud and Horney, his theory is much broader than Horney’s and much more socially oriented than Freud’s.

  • 3. Biography of Erich Fromm Erich Fromm was born in Germany, in , the only child of orthodox Jewish parents. His humanistic philosophy grew out of an early reading of the biblical prophets and an association with several Talmudic scholars. A thoughtful young man, Fromm was also influenced by the writings of Freud and Marx, as well as by socialist ideology. In New York, where he also resumed his friendship with Karen Horney, whom he had known in Germany. Much of his later years were spent in Mexico and Switzerland,

  • 4. Fromm’s Basic Assumptions • Fromm assumed that human personality can only be understood in the light of history. He believed that humans have been torn away from their prehistoric union with nature and left with no powerful instincts to adapt to a changing world. On the other hand, they have acquired the ability to reason, which means they can think about their isolated condition. Fromm called this situation the human dilemma.

  • 5. • Human Needs • The Burden of Freedom Need for freedom Need for belongingness • Character Orientations • Personality Disorders

  • 6. Human Needs • According to Fromm, our human dilemma cannot be solved by satisfying our animal needs. It can only be addressed by fulfilling our uniquely human needs, which would move us toward a reunification with the natural world. Fromm also referred to these distinctively human needs as existential needs. • A. Relatedness • Fromm called our desire for union with another person relatedness. We can relate to others through (1) submission, (2) power, and (3) love. However, love, or the ability to unite with another while retaining one’s ow
  • Erich fromm theory of personality pdf

    • Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

    Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis Erich Fromm’s basic thesis is that modern-day people have been torn away from their prehistoric union with nature and also with one another, yet they have the power of reasoning, foresight, and imagination. This combination of lack of animal instincts and presence of rational thought makes humans the freaks of the universe. Self-awareness contributes to feelings of loneliness, isolation, and homelessness. To escape from these feelings, people strive to become reunited with nature and with their fellow human beings. Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis assumes that humanity’s separation from the natural world has produced feelings of loneliness and isolation, a condition called basic anxiety. Fromm was very interested in historical and cultural perspectives on human nature, not just psychological perspectives. The changes in the human condition lead to feelings of anxiety, isolation, and powerlessness. The cost is freedom and this cost far exceeds the benefits. As children become more independent from their mothers they gain more freedom to express their individuality. However, at the same time they experience the burden of freedom, that is, the loss of security from being with mother. This causes basic anxiety. There are three primary mechanisms of escape: Authoritarianism (the tendency to give up the independence of one’s own individual self and to fuse one’s self with somebody or something outside oneself, in order to acquire the strength which the individual is lacking. o This can happen with a powerful partner and is called masochism o Or, it can happen by dominated in the unity with another person called sadism by controlling and exploiting others Destructiveness (rooted in the feelings of aloneness, isolation, and powerlessness, and it seeks to do away with other people) o Destroying others to acquire a feeling of lost power Conformity (people who conform to try to escape from a sense of alone